Cream together 1 cup salted butter, ¾ cup granulated sugar, and ¾ cup light brown sugar until light and fluffy. Mix in 2 eggs and 1 teaspoon vanilla extract.

In a separate bowl, whisk together 3 cups flour, 1 teaspoon baking soda, 1 teaspoon baking powder, and a pinch of salt. Gradually mix into butter mixture to form dough. Chill for 30 minutes.

In a saucepan, melt 2 tablespoons butter, add 3 cups diced apples, ½ teaspoon cinnamon, ¼ teaspoon nutmeg, and ¼ cup sugar. Cook until apples are tender.

Drizzle with 1 tablespoon apple cider or lemon juice and let cool while dough chills.

In another saucepan, melt 4 tablespoons butter, stir in 1 cup sugar. Cook until deep amber, then carefully stir in ½ cup heavy cream and pinch of flaky sea salt. Let cool.

Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C). Scoop chilled dough into balls, chill again for 4 hours. Roll in ¼ cup sugar and 1 teaspoon cinnamon before baking.

Bake for 10-12 minutes and create indentations in the center. Fill with apple filling and drizzle with caramel sauce after cooling slightly.